Tuesday, January 28, 2020
Child Obesity Problem Essay Example for Free
Child Obesity Problem Essay Abstract.             Child obesity has been a serious issue in America. Approximately a 1/3 of children populations are overweight or risk becoming overweight. Children are eating unhealthy foods with minimal nutritional value and the physical education programs are being cut of the school day. Since these are the major causes of obesity they spell doom for America. The Bill no S. 100 also known as Healthy Students Act of 2007 was introduced by Barbara Boxer the California Senator who is also an advocate of children and families. (www.govtrack.us). It advocates for the health of children in schools by promoting better nutrition and increased physical activities. American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the American Heart Association (AHA) support it. Major causes of obesity are lack of physical exercise combined with poor diet. A balance must be struck so that calorie intake does not outdo calorie utilization. Children need to burn up calories through physical activities. They should not over rely on inactive leisure activities like watching television, surfing the net and playing video games Childhood obesity is associated to various health effects like hypertension, diabetes and respiratory diseases illnesses for instance diabetes and high blood pressure. It is therefore an important national bill that will help save the children of America. However, its implementation could be delayed due to the legislative process that could take time. Again the taxpayers who are expected to fund it might oppose it. The Healthy Students Act of 2007 Bill no S. 100 is a bill that encourages the healthy of children in schools by promoting better nutrition and increased physical activities. It is a national bill that was sponsored by Barbara boxer of CA on January 4th 2007. (www.govtrack.us)            The bill requires the establishment of a pilot program providing grants to school districts or non-profit organizations for use in promoting healthy food alternatives under the school lunch and school breakfast programs. It amends the Public Health Service Act to establish a student loan forgiveness program for nurses who agree to employment as full-time nurses in elementary or secondary schools for 3 complete years. It also amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow corporations a tax deduction for the charitable contribution to a private foundation of exercise or gymnasium equipment for use by elementary and secondary school students.            The proposed policy is a federal legislation to be enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives. The legislation is very realistic and can therefore be successfully implemented. The federal government is expected to sponsor it. Currently it has been referred to the committee of finance and is in the process of deliberation. The proposal affects all people as it focuses on schools, which are heterogeneous in terms of gender, color or race. Members of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the American Heart Association (AHA) who supported the Healthy School Act in New York State support the policy. The American Diabetes Association is the nation’s leading 501(c) 3 non-profit health organization that provides diabetes research, information and advocacy. The American Heart Association is a national voluntary health agency whose mission is to build healthier lives free from cardiovascular diseases and stroke. (www.americaheart.org) Barbara Boxer who introduced it supports it. She is the current senator of the state of California. She has been an advocate of children and family and it would suffice to say that she represents Californian as well as the children. The AHA and ADA represent the promotion of healthier lifestyles for children. They are concerned about the increased health risks associated with changing lifestyles for Americans and are focused to promote the good health of children.            To support their positions the three parties have their arguments. Senator Boxer proposed the bill because children are eating unhealthy foods with minimal nutritional value and the physical education programs are being cut of the school day. AHA is concerned with promoting healthy lifestyles and lowering cholesterol levels through diet and physical exercise as well as preventing children from having cholesterol related health problems when they grow into adulthood. Americans should not be surprised by this policy. First, obesity in children is an issue that has attracted their concern and the dietary guidelines provided have been amended from section 9(a) of Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C 1758 a))            This proposal is likely to be opposed by the local taxpayers. To fund proposal taxes may be imposed on them reducing their disposable incomes. Being forced to pay higher taxes may see them oppose the bill. Costs would be incurred as the programs to grow own food in schools and hiring of more physical education teachers would be incorporated. Another challenge that the bill faces is the legislative process, which may delay. The committees may reject them for instance the senate finance may hinder its proceeding from one position to the next.            Obesity among children has been increasing at alarming rates. People have adapted sedentary lifestyles and are not keen on the nutritional requirements of food. Convenience plays an important role in determining the food that one consumes. Approximately a 1/3 of children populations are overweight or risk becoming overweight. Childhood obesity is associated to various health effects like hypertension, diabetes and respiratory diseases. The major cause of obesity is lack of physical exercise combined with poor diet. (www.mayoclinic.com). A balance must be struck so that calorie intake does not outdo calorie utilization. Although obesity in children affects people of all races, gender or color it has been observed that Africa American and Mexican American children are more likely to be overweight compared to non-Hispanic whites. It therefore suffices to say that people of color or the minority groups are more affected by obesity. Children of poor families are also more likely to be obese.            Regular consumption of pre-packaged food, fast food, soft drinks can cause obesity as they have quantities of calories and sugars. Consumption of vegetables and legumes is beneficial as they can help check on weight and cardiovascular diseases. Children are a critical population that needs more nutrients than human beings for their growth and development. Improving on the diet and exercising levels can help protect children’s health both at the current levels and in future. (Www.mayoclinic.com).            Physical exercises help burn out excess calories in the body. This helps reduce chances of acquiring illnesses for instance diabetes and high blood pressure. They also contribute to healthy bones and muscles. Children need to burn up calories through physical activities. (www.kidshealth.org). They should not over rely on inactive leisure activities like watching television, surfing the net and playing video games. Families must play an important role in ensuring that their children stay healthy. Parents have a major role to play in influencing their children’s health. Parents are responsible for shopping and cooking in their homes and they determine the lifestyles to be adapted.            They also set examples of the eating patterns as well as exercising patterns that to be adopted by their children. Parents should engage their children parents should engage their children in physical activities like swimming and jogging while at the same time ensuring that they provide healthy diets. Incorporating fruits and vegetables in their diets will be beneficial. Parents can also ensure that their children take food that is enough or that they eat with moderation.            The Mayo Clinic website section on childhood explains the signs, causes and problems that are associated with childhood obesity. It also provides ways by which families can control and prevent obesity in children. (www.mayoclinic.com). Another important website that addresses the costs and consequences that obese children face as well as their potential future with obesity and the weight related health care issue is the Junk Food Science. The Kids Health website provides important in-depth information to parents on how they should maintain their children’s health. It addresses the issues related to childhood obesity and its effects. Obesity in America organization website addresses the obesity issues. It focuses more on medical reasons for obesity.            Obesity in children increases their healthcare expenditure compared to non-obese children. Obese children are more likely to have laboratory-screening tests as medical staff belief that they are at greater risks. Their blood pressure levels or lab values for cholesterol are higher than for normal healthy children translating to the increased costs. They are screened for blood pressure, sleep apnea and orthopedic abnormalities. (Junkfoodscience.blogspot.com).            Advocacy groups that can be useful in combating obesity in the US include the Endocrine society and The Hormone foundation. The Endocrine society is the world’s largest and most active professional organization of endocrinologists in the world and it is dedicated to promoting excellence in research, education and clinical advancements in the endocrinology field. The hormone foundation is an affiliate of the endocrine society and its very important in disseminating information. It has established programs on childhood or pediatric obesity. It works hand in hand with the Congress and Federal agencies that impact policies dealing with obesity. (www.obesityinamerica.org).            Parents should be create time to prepare nutritious foods for their children. They should not opt for the quick fix that can harm their children’s health. Obese children can have problems with their self esteem as they can be teased or bullied by their classmates. Obesity in children causes psychological problems to them.            Overweight children can have bone and joint problems. They increase their chances of developing asthma and they can experience shortness of breath making physical activities more difficult. They have restless or disordered sleep patterns that can affect their development. Tendency to mature earlier is also reported in overweight children and overweight girls tend to have irregular menstrual cycles and fertility problems in their later days. A stitch in time saves nine and adverse overweight effects can be counted if appropriate measures are taken.            Schools have contributed to the increased numbers of obese and overweight children in America. Lesser time is allocated to physical education programs and some schools have cut it altogether. Sedentary lifestyles in children have consequently aggravated. Although genetics may contribute to obesity in children, the impact may be reduced if physical exercises and strict dietary measures are followed. It could be difficult to establish if an obese child born of obese parents is obese due to the genetic factor or due to the family lifestyles. (Www.kidshealth.org).            Parents should set good examples by adhering to appropriate diets as well as participating in exercises. They should not reward good behavior with sweets as they have high sugar levels. Educating the children about the importance of healthy diets is necessary. Children could rebel if ultimate elimination of sweets, snacks or candies is done. They could find ways to access such foods in absence of their parents. Again imposing a specific physical activity on them should be avoided and a variety should be included.            The media plays an important role in favoring ‘unhealthy food’. children who see people favoring foods in fast foods or in cartoon shows have the mentality that such food is appropriate. They urge their parent’s to offer them such foods.            Children should eat more fruits, vegetables and whole grains. They also ought to get 30-60 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercises each day depending on their age. (www.kidshealth.org). Grains provide energy needs for the child and includes whole meal bread, cereals and pasta. They give children energy to play and carry out important activities. Vegetables provide minerals and vitamins needed for good health. They also provide fiber that is important in aiding digestion. Milk is important as it provides vitamin A, D, calcium and proteins. Fats should be used sparingly on children. (Www.kidshealth.org)            Although the bill might never make it out of the committee or could be revised and incorporated in an already existing bill, I think this is a very applicable policy that can help save American children the consequences of obesity. Disseminating proper information to people through the media can work to curb child obesity. People should also take their own initiative to fight child obesity. References: Mayo Clinic staff. 2007. Childhood obesity. Retrieved on 23rd February 2008 from  http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/childhood-obesity/DS00698 Sandy Szwarc. 2007. Retrieved on 23rd February 2008 from  http://junkfoodscience.blogspot.com/2007/01/fat-children-burdens.html Endocrine Society and The Hormone Foundation. 2008.Retrieved on 23rd February 2008 from http://www.obesityinamerica.org/aboutus.html The Nemours Foundation. 2008. Kids Health. Retrieved on 23rd February 2008 from http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/ GovTrack.US. 2008. S. 100: Healthy Students Act of 2007. Retrieved on 23rd February 2008 from http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=s110-100
Monday, January 20, 2020
Social Networking Dos and Donts Essay -- Facebook, Social Network
Social Networking sites and application are an increasingly entwined part of our everyday lives. We use them to communicate with friends and family all over the globe, to chat with friends down the hall to decide where to eat, to network for jobs, and to connect with others with similar interests. However, much like any other part of the internet, social networks can be frought with serious security risks, both for your person, and your data. Many social networks will tell you that the more you put into them (your information), the more you get out of them (connections, recommendations, etc.). However, despite the aura of privacy they try to engender, one must keep in mind that social network takes place in essentially public space, with only the barest of mechanisms providing any semblance of privacy. Even seemingly innocuous data shared with the world can be dangerous in the wrong hands. The best attitude to take in order to enjoy the benefits of social networking, while minimizing the inherent risks, is to remain SKEPTICAL and CAUTIOUS. SKEPTICAL of any requests for...
Sunday, January 12, 2020
Pros and Cons of Partnership as a Form of Ownership Essay
Q.1 Identify the pros and cons of the partnership as a form of ownership? A partnership is formed when two or more people engage in a business activity and share investment, profit and loss. Just like any other form of ownership, it has its advantages and disadvantages. Following we discuss some of the pros and cons of a partnership. Pros of the Partnership (1) Ease of Formation: Partnership is comparatively simple to form. All you need to form a partnership is an agreement. A verbal agreement is enough to start a partnership however it is much recommended that partnership be formed based on a written legal partnership agreement. (2) Funding: Partnerships generally have a low startup cost. With two or more people investing capital in the company, the business will have a much stronger financial ground. Two or more people can also have better access to outside funds needed to run the business (3) Divided Responsibility: In a partnership responsibilities of running a business are shared by the owners. Shared responsibilities ease the work load on individuals and can also increase productivity by splitting responsibilities in a way that individuals can use their special skills to maximize the output. (4) Support: Owning and running a business can be very demanding, challenging and stressful. Having a business partner can give you a little peace of mind because a partner can provide moral support when needed. (5) Taxation: The income profit/loss in a partnership flows through the business to individual partners for taxation. In other words the partners are taxed only on the basic of personal income i-e how much loss or profit a partner endured. Cons of Partnership: (1) Liability: In a partnership both partners have un-limited liability (not in LP and LLP). Both partners are responsible for not only their own actions but also the actions of their partners. So, if your partner fails to pay a debt, you personally are responsible for paying that debt and vice versa. If someone sues the partnership and the business doesn’t have enough money to cover the expenses than the partners personal assets will be at stake. (2) Conflicts and Disagreements: Partnerships are for the long term and over the course of time conflicts arise and disagreement happens. Whether these are personal or management style conflicts. They can adversely affect the business. When general partners don’t agree it can delay the decision making time of the company and a bad conflict is enough to dissolve a partnership. (3) Dependence on Partners: The success of any partnership depends heavily on contribution from all partners. If a partner withdraws the business will be crippled, if a partner dies the partnership can die with him. Moreover you can’t make any business decision on your own you’re dependent on your partner. (4) Difficulty Withdrawing: It is not that easy to get out of a partnership. Whoever needs to withdraw will be personally liable for any monetary obligations due at the time of withdrawl. Q.2 Discuss funding options for small business? In order to run a business you need capital. Getting the money together to start a new business is the top priority of any entrepreneur. There are several ways to finance a small business. Following are some options for financing a small business. (1) Personal Resources: Using your own assets is the most common form of small business financing. You can use money from your saving, ask family or friends for capital or use a credit card. (2) Loans: In order to startup a new business, entrepreneur borrows money from the banks. The banks charge an interest rate on the money lent. The business owner must pay the original money borrowed plus the accumulated interest over the life of the loan. In today’s economy it is not easy to secure a commercial loan with the bank. A better and easier way for a new business to get a bank loan is with loan guarantee from the SBA. (3) Angels Investors: Another way to fund a small business is by private investors. Angel Investors are individuals who have a lot of money and are looking to invest a large amount into a profitable business for financial gain and profits. (4) Venture Capital: The companies who fund promising and high potential companies in exchange for ownership shares are known as venture capital firms. Venture capital is the money provided by venture capital firms to startup businesses that are perceived to have a long term growth potential. It has a high risk for investor but also has potential for above average profit returns. 3. Determine and discuss how managerial accounting can help managers with product costing, incremental analysis and budgeting? Managerial accounting provides accounting information needed by managers inside an organization to run its day to day operations. It provides managers with financial information’s needed to make sound business decisions. Managerial accounting information includes budgeting, product costing, performance reports, variance analysis and financial ratios. Following we look at three managerial duties that rely on information received from managerial accounting: (1) Product Costing: Product costing is the process of accurately determine the cost of a single product, by analyzing all the expenses that accrued from the beginning (raw material) to the end (sale). In traditional costing method indirect costs are applied to products, based on an overhead rate that is predetermined. The traditional costing system is easier and much simpler but fails to add the cost of non-manufacturing goods that are associated with the production of that item. (2) Activity Based Costing: Activity Based Costing is a new method in costing. It’s much more complicated that the traditional costing system. ABC gives a much more accurate product cost. Under activity based accounting associated with production of an item is determined and priced. This priced activity is than assigned to every product that requires the prices activity for production. Managerial accounting provides managers with the financial information needed to determine the cost of a manufactured product. (3) Incremental Analysis: Incremental Analysis is a decision making tool. It is used for the analysis of financial information needed to make an informed decision. In incremental analysis two different alternatives are weighed out in terms of cost/profit and the impact of the outcome of this analysis will have on a particular decision. It basically points our related cost and revenue of each alternative and the impact this alternative will have on future income. After using incremental analysis and choosing one alternative over the other. The cost change that occurs due to choosing the alternative is called incremental cost. Managerial accounting provides us with the numbers needed to compare two different alternatives, pick the right one and analyze the difference in cost. Budgeting: It helps managers plan and control costs and revenues. Budgeting is a tool for managers to determine how much money needs to be spent in order to generate a certain level of income. Budgeting in simple terms can be called forecasting; in budgeting we prepare a very detailed statement of financial results that are likely to happen in a time period to come. Companies use budget to plan for a future period based on financial statements. Managerial accounting provides managers with the financial statement for budgeting. Q4. Discuss the basic components of the marketing process using the product or service of your choice as an example? Marketing strategy can be described as an activity to position a product, attract customers while promoting the interest of stakeholders in a business. Marketing makes it possible to communicate the value of a product or service to consumers. Following the basic components of marketing process is explained briefly using artificial jewelry as a product. (1) Product Strategy: Methodologies, tools and technology used by a business to differentiate and distinguish its product from its competitors, is called product strategy. In terms of artificial jewelry my strategy would be to describe my product in full detail including where it was made, who it was designed by and what metals were used in its formation. I would also set my product apart by choosing appealing packaging and I would back the quality of my product by giving guarantees. And above all I would provide exemplary product designs and excellent customer service. (2) Pricing Strategy: Pricing Strategy is very important in marketing because it generates a turnover for the company and it’s also important because it affects other components of marketing as well. In terms of artificial jewelry first I would do a thorough research on competition prices, than I would calculate my final cost and select a pricing objective. I would compare my sale price with that of my competitors, and make sure that my price is lower than the competitors and value of my product is higher than the competition. Initially, I would keep my profitability low and will try to build clientele base by providing unbeatable prices. (3) Distribution Strategy: Distribution plays a very important role in marketing strategy. It involves how well the final product is delivered to the consumer. The product must be delivered to the end user in the right quantity, at the correct date and time. In terms of artificial jewelry most of my sales will be distributed at shows and festivals organized by different entities and a major part of my sales is also going to be web based. I will contact different shipping companies to find out the best courier in terms of price and value. And ship my jewelry through the best medium, at minimum amount of tie. (4) Promotion Strategy: Promotion Strategy is also vital part of marketing. A promotion strategy includes all the ways used by companies to provide information about their product in such a way that it would ultimately increase the company’s sale. In terms of artificial jewelry I would offer some sort of coupon and advertise my discount. Offer free shipping (when possible), maintain customer relations and send out promotional information to existing clients. Q.5 Discuss the role of social responsibility and technology in the marketing function. Social Responsibility in Marketing: Being socially responsible for an organization means that it cares and shows concerns about the people and environment in which they conduct business. Marketing can be described as promotion, selling and distribution of a product. Social responsibilities in marketing would first of all include truth telling about their product , all the information about the product should be correct and up to date. Companies should be concerned about their environment and take steps to make a cleaner. Companies should also show support for social causes in marketing. Company should market their product in a way that it doesn’t offend any group of people. Technology in Marketing: The technological boom in the past years had definitely revolutionized marketing. The internet has created numerous marketing opportunities for businesses. Now days there are numerous marketing firms that work exclusively on the internet. At first radio changed marketing, than TV and now it’s the age of hand held devices and internet. Marketers now days know that constant technological advances require evolution in the marketing process. With technological advances it’s much simpler and quicker to get customer feedback. It is much simpler to deliver the product to the customer and to do market research and maintain your brand reputation. Technology had had a great impact on marketing.
Saturday, January 4, 2020
The Role of Women in Homers The Odyssey Essay - 695 Words
The Role of Women in Homers The Odyssey Women form an important part of the folk epic, written by Homer, The Odyssey. Within the story there are three basic types of women: the goddess, the seductress, and the good hostess/wife. Each role adds a different element and is essential to the telling of the story. The role of the goddess is one of a supernatural being, but more importantly one in a position to pity and help mortals. Athena, the goddess of wisdom, is the most prominent example of the role; in the very beginning of the story she is seen making a plea for Odysseus return home, and throughout the first half of the book she assists him in his journey. She is the driving force behind arranging†¦show more content†¦Even Kirke and Kalypso help Odysseus tremendously with information and supplies. It is the Role of the woman goddess and not the male god to pity and proffer help to the suffering mortal. The next and less benevolent role is that of the seductress. Two stories about such women referred to in The Odyssey are those of the half-sisters Helen and Klytaimnestra. The entire Trojan War was caused by Helens unfaithfulness to Menelaos; her affair caused many deaths and Odysseus would not have had to leave home if she had not run away with Paris. The other sister also caused pain and suffering by having an affair and then killing her husband, Agamemnon, with her lover on his homecoming day. The seductress is always looked upon as dangerous and harmful to mankind. The Seirenes symbolize this role; their song seduces and compels anyone listening to linger until death. Kirke tries to seduce Odysseus before she helps him, and the beautiful Kalypso entices him with sex and immortality and will not release him to go home. It is the heros job to resist the temptation of the seductress or it will lead to his downfall. In direct contrast with the seductress is the good hostess or wife. Penelope, Odysseus wife, is the most important of these characters. She is the image of steadfastness, waiting and hoping for years for Odysseusreturn. Even the intimidating suitors do not bend her from her constancy. Along with Penelope is Eurykleia who matchesShow MoreRelatedThe Odyssey : The Role Of Women In Homers Odyssey966 Words  | 4 Pagesinteractions. The Odyssey portrays what is right or wrong in relationships between god and mortal, father and son, and man and woman. In the epic poem, the role of women is a vital demonstration of Ancient Greece. The women in the epic are unique in their personality, motives, and relationships towards men. In Homers, The Odyssey, all women are different, but all of them help to represent the role of the ideal woman. Homers epic describes the world of women in Ancient Greece, a time where women were seenRead MoreThe Role Of Women In Homers Odyssey1165 Words  | 5 Pages The Role of Women In The Odyssey In literature, are women used as important roles or only used as love interests and for their beauty? This question has been around for a long time and there is still no clear answer. One literary example is the women characters in Homer’s The Odyssey- the ancient Greek epic of Odysseus and his journey home to Ithaka. When on his journey, Odysseus meets many women who are ultimately used as alluring characters to distract Odysseus on his journey home. ThroughoutRead More The Role of Men and Women in Homers The Odyssey 1173 Words  | 5 PagesWho is the ideal Greek man? It can be argued that through the illustration Homer weaves throughout the Odyssey, Odysseuss character traits cast a lens as a prime example of a man in ancient Greek society. He appears to be brave, intelligent, well-spoken, and clever. Much of his knowledge is discovered by his travels, absorbing the local culture around him and using it as a guide. Aristocratic and a warrior. Perhaps the best warrior of all time. It is the Iliad which presents these attributes initiallyRead MoreThe Demeaning Role Of Women In Homers The Odyssey1280 Words  | 6 PagesThe Odyssey is one of two poems written by Homer describing the drama of the Trojan War, more specifically, the catastrophic journey of the hero Odysseus back home. Throughout the tales, female characters exhibit the many and diverse roles of Greek women, and also their significance in a world dominated by immortal beings.  Like countless others, the goddess Calypso’s beauty and elegance could be the cause of circumstances both good and evil. Calypso is remembered most for keeping Odysseus as a prisonerRead More The Role of Women in Ancient Greece as Depicted in Homer’s The Odyssey897 Words  | 4 PagesThe Role of Women in Ancient Greece as Depicted in Homer’s The Odyssey Women as Citizens For this informative report I will attempt to point out the roles women and how they are viewed in ancient Greece. I will then show how these views are present in Homer’s The Odyssey. How are women, goddess or mortal, conveyed in The Odyssey? The Odyssey was written around 700 BC during the Archaic period (750 – 550 BC). This was a time of great economical and social change in Greek history dueRead More Important Role of Women in Homers Odyssey Essay examples1721 Words  | 7 Pages For the Greeks, Homers Odyssey was much more than just an entertaining tale of gods, monsters, and men, it served as cultural paradigm from which every important role and relationship could be defined. This book, much more so than its counter part The Iliad, gives an eclectic view of the Acheans peacetime civilization. Through Odyssey, we gain an understanding of what is proper or improper in relationships between father and son, god and mortal, servant and master, guest and host, and--importantly--manRead More A Comparison of the Role of Women in Homer’s Odyssey and Iliad3375 Words  | 14 PagesThe Role of Women in Odyssey and The Iliad The Iliad and Odyssey present different ideals of women, and the goddesses, who are presented as ideal women, differ between the two epics. The difference in roles is largely dependent on power, and relations to men, as well as sexual desirability and activity. The goddesses have a major role in both epics as Helpers of men. They have varied reasons for this.  One is a maternal instinct. This is displayed in the literal mother-son relationshipsRead MoreThe Odyssey, by Homer Essay1150 Words  | 5 PagesHomer’s Odyssey was written around 700 BC. During this time there was major social and economic change, which brought the development of new cities, as well as new laws to govern them. Political rights and citizenship in Greek society truly defined the roles of women in this time period. All of the laws governing the population of Greece were not only written by men, but also enforced by men. Homer’s Odyssey is the product of a society in which men played the dominant role. Women were held atRead More The Role of Women in the Odyssey Essay1212 Words  | 5 PagesThe Role of Women in The Odyssey Homer wrote the classic epic The Odyssey more than 2,500 years ago. At that time in ancient Greek society, as well as in the whole of the ancient world, the dominant role was played by men. Society was organized, directed, and controlled by men, and it was accepted that women occupied a subservient and inferior position. Women, of course, were valued, but were expected to possess certain traits and perform certain tasks that men demanded of them. Does Homers writingRead MoreThe Penelopiad Analysis958 Words  | 4 Pagesnovel ‘The Odyssey’ . In an interview, Atwood explained her beliefs on the gender roles surround The Odyssey thus incorporating this as well as other materials into ‘The Penelopiad’ by stating: â€Å"There is an argument that has been made quite thoroughly that The Iliad and The Odyssey were written by two different people, and that the person who wrote The Odyssey was a woman.’ Atwood then carries on to explain her argument stating how several people have made the argument of how ‘The Odyssey’ was written
Friday, December 27, 2019
The Enlightenment An Incredible Change - 1163 Words
The Enlightenment is known as the age of reasons because of its gradual changes or transitions from traditional to modern societies. It was a big change from faith or religion towards science and the intellectual reasoning. Also, many societies or people changed their styles of living and beliefs such as they went from rural to urban, agriculture to commerce, believe to reason, religion to science, and so on. During the Neo-Classical era, many world famous writers such as Jean-Baptiste Poquelin known by Moliere, Jonathan Swift, and Francois-Marie Arouet know by Voltaire wrote some incredible stories, poems, plays and articles about the age of reason. In literature, all of them are well known by the tactics and methods they used in their†¦show more content†¦For instance, Swift proposal based on sarcasm that the society of Ireland should exterminate its infants in order to reduce the starving population or poverty, and use their meat products as the source of food and revenue (343-346). In the novel, â€Å"Candide†written by Voltaire presents to his readers the verbal irony argument against â€Å"philosophical optimist†which in reality most the time doesn’t work or function properly. For example, Candide through the story relearns everything all over again and faces real life scenarios which make him doubt about Pangloss’s teachings about society perspective such as whatever happens to them it’s â€Å"the best of all possible worlds†which Voltaire illustrate as fictional optimism (378). Another component of satire in literature is the situational irony which depicts the opposite outcome rather than what the readers might thought to expect. In the story, â€Å"Gulliver’s Travels†written by Jonathan Swift, presents a man who is easily persuaded or deceived during his journeys to fictional islands and societies where he learns new cultures or traditions and tries to reasonably fit in. Furthermore, Swift presents a good situational irony in voyage four when Gulliver end up in unknown island once again, but this time characters role have changed or reversed. For instance, Gulliver first contact with â€Å"Houyhnhnms†presents to him animal traits, but later he realizesShow MoreRelatedThe Renaissance And The Enlightenment757 Words  | 4 PagesRenaissance Values and Enlightenment Ideals - Conflict or Progress on the Same Journey? The Renaissance and the Enlightenment are two significant periods in world history, specifically in European history. The Renaissance and the Enlightenment have distinctive characteristics, but share the notion of being periods of discovery in many aspects of life. Each period has its own set of beliefs, values, and ideals otherwise known as a â€Å"worldview†. It can be thought of as a framework of principles throughRead MoreOur Responsibility to Enlightenment921 Words  | 4 Pages Immanuel Kant, a well-known philosopher and writer, once said in his essay â€Å"An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?,†â€Å"Nothing is required for this enlightenment, however, except freedom; and the freedom to question is the least harmful of all, namely, the freedom to use reason publicly in all matters. But on all sides I hear: ‘Do not argue!’ The officer says, ‘Do not argue, drill!’ The tax man says, ‘ Do not argue, pay!’ The p astor says, ‘ Do not argue, believe!’†Throughout his essayRead MoreTom Brennan Byj.c Burke And Bhutan s Enlightenment Experiment1189 Words  | 5 Pagesoffer individuals opportunities to change, but also can become stifling and hostile. However, overcoming the adversity hindered in these transitions, growth and a state of enlightenment can be reached. Growth and development of individuals are result of engaging with the new world in transition process. By perceiving the broader world and society individuals come to terms with their own positon in it. Both The Story of Tom Brennan by J.C Burke and Bhutan’s Enlightenment Experiment (2008) by Brook LarmerRead MoreVoltaire s Candide : A Critique Of Politics And Religion During The Age Of Enlightenment1500 Words  | 6 Pagescriticism of politics and religion during the Age of Enlightenment. Today, Candide is used in the study of European Enlightenment thinkers and philosophers as a first-hand account of the faults within the value systems of government, religion, and society during the 18th Century. Through its sarcastic portrayal of seemingly absurd customs and traditions, Candide illustrates Europe in all of its flawed glory. As a prominent figure of the Enlightenment, Voltaire sought to publicize his views on societyRead MoreThe Underlying Metaphysical Aspect Of The Songs856 Words  | 4 Pageswrite the song, â€Å"Bargain.†Although released on the album, â€Å"Who’s Next,†was not even considered at top 20. The hits off of the album included songs like â€Å"Baba O’Riley†and â€Å"See Me, Feel Me†which were all written with a basic message about enlightenment. The underlying metaphysical aspect of the songs is knowing that Townshend was a follower of Meher Baba. The audiences trusts him as his sings about his struggle to find the spirituality he is so willing to do anything for. â€Å"I d gladly loseRead MoreCauses of the French Revolution Essay1137 Words  | 5 Pagesdifferent places experienced this change in different ways. As the previous discoveries and inventions were made by remarkable scientists like Galileo, the Enlightenment was the next logical step in the era. As incredible philosophers like Jean- Jacques Rousseau along with John Locke stepped in, people all over Europe began to realize the importance and even the mere concept of reason and natural rights granted to all persons. Apart from the common impact of the Enlightenment on all of Europe, France furtherRead MoreVoltaire s Candide : A Period Of Amazing Technological And Scientific Development1213 Words  | 5 PagesThe Enlightenment was a period of incredible tec hnological and scientific development that coincided with an ever increasing dissatisfation and rejection with the dogmatism of the old systems of philosophy and the dogmas of orthodox Christianity. The rejection of orthodox Christian dogma was led by the increasing number of religious and political liberals. These religious liberals deviated from (the Univeralists in the United States for example) or totally rejected (the Deists for example) some orRead MoreSynopsis Of Voltaire s Candide 1011 Words  | 5 PagesFrederick the Great of Prussia and was exiled for differences in politics. Until 1778, he did not return to Paris where he encountered the Enlightenment. Historical information about period of publication Published during the â€Å"Age of Enlightenment†in the mid-18th century, Candide took place during a time of a cultural revolution in Europe and France. The Enlightenment was a time for societal reform, protesting against judgments of church authority and nobility. This time period allowed for rational thoughtRead MoreCommentary on Candide by Voltaire and Irrational Man by William Barrett1406 Words  | 6 Pagesthe aims of the Enlightenment as the latter supports explaining the world through science in a way that separates the ideas from those mentions in the Bible. The novel includes a character named â€Å"Panglossâ€Å", who is a caricature of the German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz. â€Å"Pangloss†supports the idea that all is for the best in the best of all possible worlds, that idea is destroyed in the novel. Candide is a novel that talks about the idea of theodicy The enlightenment sparked the beginningRead More Comparing Society in The Dharma Bums and The New American Poetry1286 Words  | 6 PagesMass Society in The Dharma Bums and The New American Poetry     One of the best ways to fully understand an era is to study its literature. The printed word has the incredible capacity to both reflect and shape the hopes, fears, and ideologies of the time. This is very evident when reading literature from 1960s America, a turbulent period in the history of our country. While the authors styles are very different, there are definite thematic patterns and characteristics evident in
Thursday, December 19, 2019
Personality Characteristics and Health Psychology Essay
Running head: PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS AND HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY Personality Characteristics and Health Psychology Introduction In the field of psychology, a growing interest in the interaction between physical and mental health has become apparent. Psychologists are beginning to realize the importance of treating a client as a whole unit with many working elements that are interdependent on each other. The term coined currently is the biopsychosocial approach. Here, it is recognized that the clients psychological makeup is interdependent on their current biological state, which is also dependent on the social spheres the client finds themselves in. The focus of this paper is to highlight the importance of the way in which a†¦show more content†¦American Indians of the Oglala Sioux tribe express such an opinion. They believe that the maladaptive interaction of spiritual oneness and health resulting from disharmony with what they call the ‘Nation Hoop (Neihardt, 1972). Many of the Indian nations believe that every creature in existence is part of a Nation Hoop. When one is not aliened with all the spirituality of all creatures, the result is a physical or mental manifestation. Thus, when the hoop is broken, it causes a shift in the balance of life. This perspective however takes on a distinctly spiritual tone that not all philosophers have written about. Freud, being originally trained as a neurologist attempted to discover a link between psychological well-being and physical problems. While studying neurology, Freud began seeing several patients that presented with peculiar physical ailments that had no apparent physical etiology. This lead him to a theory of personality that attempted to explain the lack of physical evidence in problems of blindness, limb paralyses, etc. Freuds outlook throughout his career was rather pessimistic, viewing the individual as untamed and bad in nature. To him, a healthy personality was one who had the ability to love and to do productive work. Healthy personality was described as outcome of harmony among the id, ego and supereg o. This means an even balance where the id and superego are not overpowering the psychicShow MoreRelatedPersonality Theory : Existential Personality Theories And Humanistic Theories Have Changed Focus On Psychological Perspectives Essay1275 Words  | 6 PagesPersonality Analysis Theories on existential personality theories and Humanistic theories have changed focus on psychological viewpoints because of the behavior of individuals. Now Carl Rogers’s person-center theory and Rollo May’s existential psychology focuses more on what many would call present and future experiences of the individual rather than the past because people mental states can change from one month to the next. Psychological health can be emphasized in how a person maintains theirRead MoreThe Persistence Of Temperament And Personality1469 Words  | 6 PagesTemperament and Personality. 12. October. 2015 Abstract This paper will explore the topic of temperament and personality in developmental psychology. I will provide definitions, statistics and examples to explain what temperament is then following what personality is. After drawing the connection between temperament and personality I will conclude that although temperament is the building block to what results a person’s personality it does not mean personality is unchangeableRead MoreFinal Examination For The Psychology Of Personality1329 Words  | 6 PagesFinal Examination for the Psychology of Personality Summer 2015 Due Date: 7-28-15 at 11:59pm Seham Azzamel @02773623 Seham_z@hotmail.com Dr. Elbedour College of School of Psychology Washington, DC 2015 Question 1 Personality Traits Personality is defined as â€Å"consistent behavior patterns and intrapersonal processes originating within the individual†(Burger, 2010, p. 4). In order to measure personality, psychologists focus on personality traits. Personality traits are simply actionsRead MoreWhy Is Psychology Useful?1541 Words  | 7 Pages Why Is Psychology Useful: In its primary form, psychology studies humans- who and what they are and what they are. Psychology looks into why people act and think a certain way and how someone can improve themselves. Psychology allows people to understand more about how the mind and body works together. Knowledge such as this can help with decision making processes and avoiding stressful situations. It can help with time management, setting and achieving goalsRead MoreMysteries Of Personality : The Unveiling1586 Words  | 7 Pages Mysteries of Personality: The Unveiling Ugonna Eziuku University of Houston Clear Lake- Pearland Campus Mysteries of Personality: The Unveiling Psychomythology is defined by Lilienfeld as psychological information that is false, inaccurate and includes a plethora of misunderstood stories and myths (2010). In 1955 George Kelly stated that members of society are constantly trying to explain and interpret each others innate goals and characteristics (Lilienfeld, 2010). The Oxford DictionaryRead MoreSocial Psychology : Psychological Psychology1658 Words  | 7 Pagessocial psychology, what shapes our attitudes, what do they do, and what is the income of a social psychologist? Social psychology is important because people have gone through depression and anxiety. A social psychology can help one recover from the inside pain. Social psychology is a discipline that uses scientific methods to explain how the brain works, feelings and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other human beings. Social psychology typicallyRead MoreDefinition of Psychology1625 Words  | 7 PagesWhen asked to define psychology there so many thoughts that runs through my mind. Psychology is the scientific study of ones thoughts and behavior. People think psychologically every day for example when you try to explain what someone else is doing to another person. There are many fields of study that try to understand how people think and the actions they take. Psychology is used for many different reasons not only do they study the human behavior they also help mental patients and try to figureRead MoreThe Analysis of the Five Factor Model Essay examples1483 Words  | 6 Pagesstability of traits will be looked at, both longitudinal and cross situational. Finally, the application of the model within and outside psychology will be evaluated to show support that the FFM provides a solid foundation for an adequate personality psychology. â€Å"The Five Factor Model provides a compelling framework for building personality measures that seek to represent the domain of individual terms broadly and systematically†(Briggs, 1989 as cited in McAdams. DP, 1992Read MorePublic Health and Impact on Society1034 Words  | 4 PagesThe issue of public health and its subsequent impact on society as a whole is becoming a very contentious issues for American citizens. In the midst of an election year, public health issues such as Medicare, social security, and disease prevention are all becoming more prevalent. In almost every state of politicians denounce or praise various forms of health related endeavors.. According to U.S. Public Health Service, over the last century, the average life span of an America grew by 30 years. 25Read MoreThe Contribution of Different Approaches to Psychology for the Development of Modern Psychology1147 Words  | 5 Pages Psychology is a vast field which consists of theories and approaches where it involves certain assumptions on human behavior. How they function and the aspects of the behavior that needs to be studied, in addition to the research methods that are needed to be followed in orde r to understand it thoroughly. These approaches provide characteristic viewpoints and emphasize different factors. These approaches have contributed towards the development of modern psychology in various ways.
Tuesday, December 10, 2019
Liability for Negligent Misrepresentation †MyAssignmenthelp.com
Question: Discuss about the Liability for Negligent Misrepresentation. Answer: Introduction The present essay aims at understating the law that deals with Undue influence, duress, fraudulent misrepresentation, innocent misrepresentation and negligent misrepresentation. All the laws are very important and must be inlayed before applying the same to the facts of the case studies. The laws are supported with primary and secondary sources. The main issue is Whether the Batman is legally bound to honor the contract that is established with Batgirl? The law dealing with undue influence is applicable. If any contract is supported by Undue Influence, then, such a contract is voidable in law. When the contract is established amid the parties but there is inequality of power amid the parties, wherein, the dominant party by using his dominant status results in establishing a contract with the weaker party, then the contract is suffering from Undue Influence. Normally when the stronger party uses his dominance and influences the weaker party so that he is ready to enter into a contract with the stronger party, which otherwise he would not have entered, then such contract is based on Undue Influence and is voidable. Undue Influence is normally incurred by two manners: Express When the stronger party acts in such manner according to which the weaker party is deprive from using his will and establishes a contract with the stronger party. For instance, when the weaker party establishes a contract and gifts anything to the stronger party but the act is under some kind of pressure resulting the acts as an unfair act and where there is no independent judgment of the weaker party that is used before establishing any relationship with the stronger party then it is a kind of express Undue Influence and is held in Johnson v Buttress. Presumed When the relationship of the dominant and weaker party is based on confidence and trust and the stronger party by using such trust and confidence tries to influence the weaker party so as to establish a contract with the weaker party, then, it is a kind of presumed Undue Influence. This kind of Undue influence takes place in the relationships that are generally of kind, parent and child; solicitor and client; guardian and ward; physician and patient; trustee andcestui que trust; cases of religious influence, etc and is rightly analysed in Royal Bank of Scotland Plc v Etridge (No 2). Now, it is settled from the facts that Batgirl is the girlfriend of Batman. Batman is totally besotted by Batgirl. Two friends of Batman, that is, Superman and Captain America, often tell Batman that he needs to be stronger. However, Batman was very vulnerable, especially after a poor relationship with Poison Ivory. Also, Batgirl is aware that Batman was so much in love with her and thus she pushes Batman around and always gets her way. Thus, the relationship that exists amid Batman and Batgirl is of a presumed influence wherein there is presence of so much love, trust and confidence. But, this influence is used by Batgirl for her own benefit. This is because when Batman was in trouble and he was in need of $10,000.00 for bail and additional sureties in order to be released on bail, then, at that time, instead of helping Batman, batgirls established a contract with him according to which she made Batman agreed that he will Buy Batgirl a $50,000.00 diamond ring; Fund her weekly massages @ $150.00; and Pay-off her Leather Central credit card @ $5,000.00 sitting. Batman was so much in love with Batgirl and Batgirl was in knowledge of the same used her influence so that the contract can be established. Batman does not want to lose her girlfriend and thus agreed to establish the contract. Thus, Batgirl has used her dominance over Batman and established a contract with him. So, there is presence of presume Undue Influence. Since, Batgirl has used her presumed Undue Influence upon Batman to make a contract with him to bring gain to herself and loss to batman, thus, the contract is voidable as is suffered from Undue Influence. The main concern is whether the Wonder Woman is bound by the contract of buying beer bottles at an inflated price? As per the applicable law, when one party threatens any party so that the aggrieved party agrees to establish a contract with the defaulter party, then, it is an act of duress. Any contract which is established under duress can be cancelled by the aggrieved party. In order to establish duress, the main essential are: There must be some kind of inducement which is extended by the first party upon the second party which have resulted the second party to establish a contract with the first party. The presence of influence may not be the only reason for establishing the contract and is held in Barton v Armstrong The pressure which is exerted by the first party must not be legitimate in nature and is held in Universe Tankships of Monrovia v Intl Transport Workers Federation[8]. The pressure must comprises of unconscionable conduct or unlawful threats and is held in Crescendo management Pty Ltd v Westpac Banking Corp[9]. An unconscionable conduct is a conduct which is so harsh that it goes beyond the scope of good conscious.[10] In duress the will of the party is defeated and he has only two options, that is, to make a contract or to face a threat and in order to avoid the threat, the part chooses to make a contract. Now, The Lasso is the restaurant which is owned by Wonder Woman. Riddler one day walks in and hand over an envelope to Wonder women which says, Buy bottles of wine for twice their value each month from a green masked man, or else, a roped restaurant may just be overran. Therefore, buy as said, or a pretty young woman may lose her head. Now, the letter contains a threatening words that either wonder women enters into a contract or enter into a transaction of buying wine bottles at double the price or the restaurant will be overran and a young women may lose her head. Thus, there are only two options, either to enter into the act or face the threats. Thus, this is clearly an act of duress. Thus, wonder women have every right to cancel the contract. Since the contract by wonder women is supported by duress, so, the contract can be rescinded by her. The main concern is whether Spider man can sue Penguin for making negligent misrepresentation? The law of negligent misrepresentation is applicable. Normally, when the defendant makes a representation with careless intention and has no reason to believe that the representation made by him is true, then, it is called negligent misrepresentation. Normally when there is no fraud that is incurred by the parties nor there is any collateral contract, then, such representation is called negligent in nature. The concept of negligent representation is rightly held in Hedley Byrne v Heller[11]. In Esso Petroleum Co Ltd v Mardon[12], it was held that when an expert advices some other party and makes a statement then he must use all his care and skill while making any advice, otherwise, held liable for negligent misrepresentation.[13] Also, the plaintiff has to prove that the representation is made by the defendant and the plaintiff relied on such representation which ultimately resulted in his loss. Also, the defendant has to prove that the statement that is made by him is not of any fact but the same is made with utmost good faith and on the belief that the same is true.[14] Now, Spider-Man, Iron Man and the Hulk go to a local market to have a look around. Spider-Man comes across a radio transmitter which he intends to buy so that he can listen to talk-back radio whilst swinging between buildings. The radio was his desired size, colour and price. Now, he asks penguin whether the radio transmitter picked up both AM and FM frequencies? The Penguin informed Spider-Man that all of their radios pick up both AM and FM frequencies. Now, it is submitted that penguin is an expert who is furnishing advice to spider man and knows that spider man is relying on his advice before buying the radio. So, Penguin must make all efforts o that the representation made by him is true to the best of his knowledge. But, the radio transmitter only picked up FM frequencies. Now, because of the assurance of penguin, Spiede4r man parched the radio but face set back. Thus, penguin can be held negligent in his actions as he must make all due care before giving any advice to spider man. Thus, there is clear negligent misrepresentation on the part of penguin. Since, a negligent misrepresentation is made by penguin, so, spider can sue him for the same. When a statement is made by one person to another and when the statements that is made by the representor has valid grounds to believe that the stamens that is made by him is true (regardless of the facts whether it was actually true or not), then, it is innocent misrepresentation. The intention of the representor must not to deceive the party who is relying on the statement thereby making the representation an innocent one. The court can grant damages to the aggrieved party in lieu of rescission of contract and is held in Curtis v Chemical Cleaning and Dyeing Co[15].[16] Now, Iron Man comes across a 1,000 piece jig-saw puzzle which he always wanted to purchase. He asked Bane whether or not all of the 1,000 pieces are there? Bane informs that they are there. Also, that the box is sealed and has therefore been un-opened. He further assurances that they themselves make and seal the boxes. Based on the representation made by Bane, Iron made purchases the jig-saw puzzle but, three of the pieces were double-ups, thus, the puzzle was unable to be completed due to 3 missing pieces. It appears that 3 pieces were left out by mistake. But not the same what is desired by iron mad. An advice is furnished whether the statement by Cat women to Hulck was fraudulent? One of the misrepresentations that normally found to exists is fraudulent misrepresentation. A fraudulent misrepresentation is one wherein one party makes a representation to another party and is aware that the statement is made by him is not true and is made in order to deceive the other party. Thus, any contract which is framed on the context of fraudulent misrepresentation results in the cancellation of the contract. The concept of fraudulent representation is rightly observed in Derry v Peek. As per the facts, Hulck was in need of a large calculator mainly because he can add up all the damage he has caused through his Hulk smashes and especially that the normal calculators are too small for these huge hands. Hulck finds the right calculator that he is looking for and he takes the same to Cat women. Hulck specifically asks that whether the calculator is fine or are there any issues with the same. Cat women submitted that there are no issues with the calculator and that the same is brand new and never been opened. However, Cat women is aware that the calculator two digits, that is, 3 and 7 were not working. Also, that the same was not new and that she herself has re-wrapped to re-sell. Based upon the assurance of Cat women, Hulck bought the calculator, however, two of the digits, that is, 3 and 7 were not working. Thus, the statement was made intentionally by Cat women to deceive Hulck. Ther5e is presence of fraudulent act and thus the statement that was made was a fraudulent misrepresentation. Hulck has every right to cancel the contract and claim damages as the statement made by cat women was a fraudulent misrepresentation. Conclusion It is thus concluded that all the laws are very important an different and must be applied adequate in order to achieve just results. Bibliography Andrews, Neil, Contract Law (Cambridge University Press,26-May-2011). Beatson, J, Andrew S. Burrows and John Cartwright, Anson's Law of Contract (Oxford University Press, 2016). Bryan, M and Vann, V, Equity and Trusts in Australia (Cambridge University Press,08-Oct-2012). Cartwright, John, Misrepresentation, Mistake and Non-disclosure (Sweet Maxwell, 2012). Curtis v Chemical Cleaning and Dyeing Co [1951]. Christensen, S. A. and Duncan, W, Sale of Businesses in Australia (Federation Press, 2009). Derry v Peek(1889) 14 App. Cas. 337. Gillies, Peter Concise Contract Law (Federation Press, 1988). McKendrick , E and Liu, , Contract Law: Australian Edition (Palgrave Macmillan,25-Sep-2015). O'Donovan, James, Lender Liability (Sweet Maxwell, 2005). Sadler , Pauline, Liability for Negligent Misrepresentation in the Finance Industry (2009)- Volume 11. Barton v Armstrong [1976] AC 104. Crescendo management Pty Ltd v Westpac Banking Corp (1988) 19 NSWLR 40. Hedley Byrne v Heller[1964] A.C. 465. Johnson v Buttress (1936) 56 CLR 113 at 126. Royal Bank of Scotland Plc v Etridge (No 2)[2001]. Universe Tankships of Monrovia v Intl Transport Workers Federation [1983] 1 AC 366, 400-1.
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